The lalikulu ntchito munda waosowa padziko lapansi okhazikika maginitondi maginito okhazikika, omwe amadziwika kuti motors.
Ma mota m'njira zambiri amaphatikiza ma mota omwe amasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu zamakina ndi ma jenereta omwe amasintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi. Mitundu yonse iwiri yama motors imadalira mfundo ya electromagnetic induction kapena electromagnetic force monga mfundo yawo yayikulu. Mpweya-gap magnetic field ndiyofunika kuti injini igwire ntchito. Galimoto yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yodutsa mpweya kudzera m'chisangalalo imatchedwa induction motor, pamene injini yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yodutsa mpweya kudzera mu maginito okhazikika imatchedwa injini yamuyaya.
Mu injini yamagetsi yokhazikika, gawo la maginito la mpweya limapangidwa ndi maginito osatha popanda kufunikira kwamagetsi owonjezera kapena ma windings owonjezera. Chifukwa chake, zabwino zazikulu zamakina okhazikika a maginito opitilira ma induction motors ndikuchita bwino kwambiri, kupulumutsa mphamvu, kukula kophatikizika, komanso mawonekedwe osavuta. Chifukwa chake, ma motor maginito okhazikika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama mota ang'onoang'ono komanso ang'onoang'ono. Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe osavuta ogwiritsira ntchito maginito okhazikika a DC. Maginito awiri okhazikika amapanga mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa koyiloyo. Koyiloyo ikapatsidwa mphamvu, imakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi (malinga ndi lamulo lakumanzere) ndikuzungulira. Gawo lozungulira mu injini yamagetsi limatchedwa rotor, pomwe gawo loyima limatchedwa stator. Monga tikuonera pachithunzichi, maginito okhazikika ndi a stator, pamene ma coil ndi a rotor.
Kwa ma mota ozungulira, maginito okhazikika ndi stator, nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa mu kasinthidwe #2, pomwe maginito amamangiriridwa ku nyumba yamagalimoto. Pamene maginito okhazikika ndi rotor, nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa mu kasinthidwe #1, ndi maginito omwe amamangiriridwa pakatikati pa rotor. Kapenanso, masinthidwe #3, #4, #5, ndi #6 amaphatikiza kuyika maginito pakatikati pa rotor, monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi.
Kwa ma liniya motors, maginito okhazikika amakhala ngati mabwalo ndi ma parallelogram. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cylindrical linear motors amagwiritsa ntchito maginito a axially annular maginito.
Maginito mu Permanent Magnet Motor ali ndi izi:
1. Mawonekedwewo si ovuta kwambiri (kupatulapo ma motors ena ang'onoang'ono, monga VCM motors), makamaka mu mawonekedwe a rectangular, trapezoidal, fani, ndi mawonekedwe a mkate. Makamaka, pochepetsa mtengo wamagalimoto, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito maginito ophatikizika.
2. Magnetization ndiyosavuta, makamaka maginito amodzi, ndipo ikatha kusonkhana, imapanga maginito ambiri. Ngati ndi mphete yathunthu, monga mphete yomatira ya neodymium iron boron kapena mphete yopanikizidwa yotentha, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amitundu yambiri.
3. Pakatikati pa zofunikira zaumisiri makamaka zimakhala pakukhazikika kwa kutentha, kusinthasintha kwa maginito, ndi kusinthasintha. Maginito a rotor okwera pamwamba amafunikira zomatira zabwino, maginito oyendera ma mota ali ndi zofunika kwambiri popopera mchere, maginito opangira mphamvu yamphepo amakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pakupopera mchere, ndipo maginito oyendetsa galimoto amafunikira kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri.
4. Zopangira mphamvu zamaginito zapamwamba, zapakatikati, komanso zotsika kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma kukakamiza nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakatikati mpaka pamlingo wapamwamba. Pakadali pano, magiredi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri maginito amagetsi oyendetsa galimoto amakhala makamaka opangidwa ndi mphamvu zamaginito komanso kukakamiza kwambiri, monga 45UH, 48UH, 50UH, 42EH, 45EH, etc., komanso ukadaulo wofalikira wokhwima ndikofunikira.
5. Segmented zomatira laminated maginito akhala ankagwiritsa ntchito m'minda mkulu-kutentha galimoto. Cholinga chake ndikusintha kusungunula kwa magawo a maginito ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa eddy pakadali pano panthawi yoyendetsa galimoto, ndipo maginito ena amatha kuwonjezera zokutira za epoxy pamtunda kuti awonjezere kutsekereza kwawo.
Zinthu zazikulu zoyezera maginito agalimoto:
1. Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri: Makasitomala ena amafuna kuyeza kuwonongeka kwa maginito otseguka, pomwe ena amafuna kuyeza kuwonongeka kwa maginito. Pamene injini ikugwira ntchito, maginito amayenera kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwa maginito. Chifukwa chake, kuyezetsa ndikuwunika kwazinthu zomwe zatsirizika kuwonongeka kwa maginito ndi ma curve apamwamba kwambiri a demagnetization azinthu zoyambira ndizofunikira.
2. Kusinthasintha kwa maginito: Monga gwero la maginito a maginito a ma motor rotor kapena ma stator, ngati pali zosagwirizana ndi maginito, zingayambitse kugwedezeka kwa injini, ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu, ndikukhudza ntchito yonse ya galimotoyo. Chifukwa chake, maginito amagalimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zofunikira pakusinthasintha kwa maginito, ena mkati mwa 5%, ena mkati mwa 3%, kapena mkati mwa 2%. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kusasinthika kwa maginito, monga kusasinthika kwa maginito otsalira, kulolerana, ndi zokutira chamfer, ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
3. Kusinthasintha: Maginito okwera pamwamba amakhala makamaka mu mawonekedwe a matailosi. Njira zoyeserera zamitundu iwiri zoyeserera zamakona ndi ma radii zitha kukhala ndi zolakwika zazikulu kapena zovuta kuyesa. Zikatero, kusinthasintha kumafunika kuganiziridwa. Kwa maginito okonzedwa bwino, mipata yowonjezereka iyenera kuwongoleredwa. Kwa maginito okhala ndi mipata ya dovetail, kulimba kwa msonkhano kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Ndibwino kupanga zomangira zooneka ngati mwachizolowezi molingana ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi wogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kusinthasintha kwa maginito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-24-2023